Loom for weaving pile fabrics.



PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904.

No 775,2l8.

A. HEALD.

LOOM FOR WEAVING-PILE FABRICS.

AYPLIOATION FILED JAN. 10. 1903.

N0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented November 15, 1904.

ALFRED HEALD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

LOOIVI FOR WEAVlNG PILE FABRICS- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 77 5,218, dated November 15, 1904.

Application filed January 10, 1903- Serial No. 138,581. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED HEALD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented Improvements in Looms for \Veaving Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of looms in which the pile-loops are formed by carrying warp-threads over longitudinally-extendingpile-loop formers,each pile-forming warpthread being tied into the backing fabric after the formation of each loop.

One object of my invention is to so construct a cut-pile loom of this class that the pile-loop formers may be mounted upon the breast-beam or other rigid transverse bar of the loom, a further object being to insure certainty in the movement of the pile-forming warp-threads from one side of each pile-loop former to the other.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a representation of sufficient of the elements of a cut-pile loom to illustrate my present invention. Fig. 2 is aplan view of part of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the pile-loop-forming fingers. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the reed and of a certain combbar employed in connection therewith. Fig. 5 is a front view of part of the reed, and Fig. 6 is a side view of a modified construction of pile-loop former.

1 represents part of the breast-beam of the loom, or it may be a special rigid bar properly located for the purpose, and 2 is a pile-loopforming finger projecting inwardly therefrom, there being one of these pile-loop-forming fingers for each pile-forming warp-thread or set of threads employed, each finger having formed upon it one row of pile-loops. Hence it will be understood that if a single-color fabric is to be produced or one in which the pattern is dependent upon the use of particolored warp-threads there need be but one of such threads for each finger; but if the pattern is to be formed by the use of difierentlycolored pile warp-threads then there will be for each finger 2 as many pile warp-threads in a setas there are to be colors in the pattern in the row of pile-loops formed on said finger,

the threads not employed in forming the loops being carried in the back web of the fabric.

Each finger 2 is bent at the rear end into L form, so as to embrace the rear portion of the breast-beam, that member 3 of the linger which overlaps the beam beingsecured thereto by means of a clamp-plate I, so that by loosening said plate any one of the fingers can be removed and replaced without disturbing the others. To prevent the fingers from being turned or twisted from their proper position, the vertical portion of each finger is fitted within a slot 3 in the back of the breastbeam, so that it is rigidly held in position thereon.

Each finger 2 has in advance of the beam 1 a lug or projection 5 on its upper face, forming a shoulder behind which works a transversely-extending knife 6, which may consist of an endless band having continuous forward movement or a blade having back-and-forth movement, which movements may be imparted in any suitable manner so that the forward cutting edge of said knife-blade will sever the tops of the loops formed upon the finger 2 as the latter are carried backwardly along said finger and over the lug 5 by the action of the take-up mechanism of the loom.

Each shoulder may be formed by recessing the top of the finger for the reception of the knife, if desired, as shown at 5 in Fig. 6.

Each finger has at the end a hook 7 to prevent the pile warp-threads from slipping from the same, and it also hasin its upper edge, some distance backwardly from said hook 7, a shoulder which will serve to catch and retain the pile warp-thread when the latter is carried over the top of the finger, and thus hold the same closer to the beating-up point than if the thread was allowed to extend from the backing fabric to the hook 7. This shoulder may also be formed either by a recess in the upper edge of the finger, as at 8 in Figs. 1 and 3, or by a lug on the upper edge ofthe finger, as at 8, Fig. 6.

Each pile warp-thread 9 is controlled by a harness-cord 10, and heddles 11 and 12 control binding-warps 13 and let, which are interwoven with weft threads 15 to form a backing fabric into which the pile warp.

threads 9 are tied by engagement with some of said weft-threads 15 after the formation of each loop.

The lay 16 of the loom has a reed 17 of peculiar construction, and in front of the reed is a comb-bar 18, the downwardly-projecting teeth of which when said comb-bar is in the position shown in Fig. l engage with the elevated pile warp-threads 9, so that by a lateral movement of said combbar said pile warp-threads can be caused to pass from their normal position on one side of the fingers 2 to a position on the opposite side of the same preparatory to being lowered on said opposite side of the finger, the comb-bar being then retracted to its first position in readiness to engage the pile warp-threads when next such engagement becomes necessary. After being lowered the warp-threads resume their normal position prior to being again raised. Hence each pile warp-thread is always lifted on one side of afinger and depressed on the opposite side of the same, and therefore follows the continuous spiral course represented in Fig. 1.

In order to prevent the warp-threads 9 from.

rising on the wrong side of the teeth of the comb-bar 18, said comb-bar has a swinging as well as a lateral reciprocating movement, and

the reed is provided with pockets for the reception of the teeth of the bar when the latter are in the retracted position, as shown in Fig. 4, so that said teeth are shielded, and the rising warp-threads 9 cannot pass upon the wrong side of either tooth. These pockets in the reed are preferably formed, as shown in Fig. 5, by providing the reed with double bars 20 and 21, disposed closely together at the lower portion of the reed, but laterally separated at the upper portion of the same, so as to form between them the desired pockets or recesses for the reception of the teeth of the comb-bar. WVhen the pile warp-threads have been fully raised, however, the teeth of the comb-bar 18 are projected, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to be free from engagement with the reed in order to permit of the lateral movement necessary for carrying the pile warp-threads from side to side of the fingers 2.

I have not deemed it necessary to illustrate any mechanism for operating the knife 6 nor for reciprocating or vibrating the comb-bar 18, as such mechanism forms no part of my present invention.

It will be understood that after the tops of the pile-loops on the fingers 2 have been severed by the knife 6 the cut pile is free to pass with the backing fabric beneath the breastbeam of the loom and to and around the takeup rolls.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. A pile-loom having pile-loo'p-forming fingers extending inwardly from the rigid breastbeam or other similarly-located rigid bar of the loom, in combination with weaving mechanism for forming loops of pile warp-thread over said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, substantially as specified.

2. A pile-loom having pile-loop-forming fingers extending inwardly from the breast-beam or other similarly-located rigid bar of the loom, in combination with weaving mechanism for forming loops of pile warp-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, and a knife movable in respect to said fingers to sever said loops, substantially as specified.

3. A pile-loomhavingrigidly-mounted pileloop-forming fingers, weaving mechanism for forming loops of pile warp-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, and a knife movable transversely across the top of the fingers for severing said pileloops as they are fed backwardly along the fingers, substantially as specified.

4:. A pile-loom having pile-loop-forming fingers shouldered on their upper edges, weaving mechanism for forming loops of pilethread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, and a pile-cutting knife movable behind the shoulders of said fingers, substantially as specified.

5. A pile-loom having pile-loop-forming fingers projecting from the breast-beam or other similarly-located rigid bar of the loom, weaving mechanism for lapping pile warp-threads around said fingers in .a continuous spiral course and interweaving other threads therewith, and cutting mechanism movable in respect to the fingers for severing said pileloops, substantially as specified.

6. Apile-loom having pile-loop-forming fingers rigidly mounted upon the rigid breastbeam or other similarly-located rigid bar of the loom, weaving mechanism for forming loops of pile warp-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, and means for cutting said pile-loops as they are fed backwardly along the fingers, substantially as specified.

7. A pile-loom having fingers projecting inwardly from the breast-beam or other bar of the loom, means for forming loops of pile warp-thread whose tops project above said fingers and a transversely moving knife mounted upon the tops of the fingers and serving to cut off the tops of the pile-loops, substantially as specified.

8. The combination in a pile-loom, of loopforming fingers immovably mounted upon the breast-beam or other rigid bar of the loom and projecting inwardly therefrom, said fingers being hooked at their inner ends, and weaving mechanism for forming loops of pilethread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, substantially as specified.

9. A pile-loom having pile-loop-forming fingers projecting inwardly from the breast-beam IIO or other rigid bar of the loom, and each provided on its upper edge, some distance behind its inner end, with a pile thread retaining shoulder-,and weavingmechanism for forming loops of pile-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, substantially as specified.

10. A pile-loom having pile-loop-forming lingers projecting inwardly from the breastbeam or other rigid bar of the loom, each of said fingers having a hooked inner end and having in its upper edge, some distance behind said hook, a pile-thread-retaining shoulder, and Weaving mechanism for forming loops of pile-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, substantially as specified.

11. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloopforming finger for looms having on its upper edge a shoulder for guiding the pileloops in advance of a transverse cutting-knife, substantially as specified.

12. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming finger for looms having a hook at the inner end and a shoulder on its upper edge for guiding the pile-loops to a transverse cutting-knife, substantially as specified.

13. As a new article of manufacture, apileloop-forming finger for looms having on its upper edge, some distance back of its inner end, a warp-retaining shoulder, substantially as specified.

14. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming fingerfor loon1s,having a hooked inner end, and on its upper edge, some distance back of said hook, a pile-warp-retaining shoulder, substantially as specified.

15. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming linger for looms having on its upper edge, some distance back of its inner end, a pile-lo0p-retaining shoulder, and, still farther in the rear, a shoulder for guiding the pile-loops to a transverse cutting-knife, substantially as specified.

16. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming finger for looms having a hook at the inner end, a warp-retaining shoulder on its upper edge some distance back of said hook, and, still farther in the rear, a shoulder on its upper edge for guiding the pile-loops to a transverse cutting-knife, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED HEALD.

\Vitnesses:

F. E. BECHTOLD, R. RAUDENBUSH. 

